Amistad Reservoir, Val Verde County, Texas
The Amistad Reservoir, fondly known as Lake Amistad, is a stunning example of international cooperation and natural splendor. Straddling the border of Texas, United States, and Coahuila, Mexico, this reservoir is not just a feat of engineering but a haven for outdoor enthusiasts.
Geographical Significance
Located 12 miles northwest of Del Rio, Texas, the Amistad Reservoir is a product of the confluence of the Rio Grande and the Devils River. Covering an impressive 64,900 acres, it reaches depths of up to 217 feet. The Amistad Dam, completed in November 1969, is a testament to bilateral collaboration, managed jointly by the U.S. and Mexico through the International Boundary and Water Commission.
Hydrology and Ecology
The reservoir’s primary inflow comes from the northwestern end of the Rio Grande, complemented by the Devils River. Its outflow through the Amistad Dam continues southeastward into the Gulf of Mexico. The lake’s catchment area spans a vast region, encompassing parts of Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Chihuahua, and Coahuila.
The aquatic life in Lake Amistad is rich and varied. Anglers can find largemouth and smallmouth bass, Guadalupe bass, and catfish. The reservoir’s vegetation predominantly consists of hydrilla, providing a thriving habitat for fish. However, the construction of the reservoir led to the tragic extinction of the Amistad gambusia, a local fish species.
Historical Context
The area of Lake Amistad has been significant for centuries, with Indigenous Americans leaving cave paintings along the rivers. Post the Mexican–American War, the region gained prominence with pioneers developing paths through the area. The 1944 U.S.-Mexico treaty laid the foundation for the dam and reservoir, aiming to provide flood control, water conservation, and recreational opportunities.
Recreational Paradise
Today, the American shore of Lake Amistad is part of the Amistad National Recreation Area, offering diverse activities like boating, fishing, swimming, scuba diving, and water-skiing. Visitors can also enjoy picnicking, camping, and hunting in this scenic area. The reservoir’s proximity to Del Rio adds to its accessibility and appeal.
A Hub for Events and Research
Lake Amistad is more than a recreational site; it is a venue for nationally televised fishing tournaments and a site of archaeological and geological interest. The region’s rich rock art and diverse flora and fauna make it a hub for both leisure and research. The reservoir’s location near the flight path of USAF trainers adds a unique dimension to its character.